Disable direct root login   IMPORTANT NOTE:  This document is based on FreeBSD.  The concepts should be similar across operating systems, but the commands will very likely be different.  Also, never assume the directory structures exist in your system as written in the document.  Never blindly follow security instructions -- read, review, compare, apply as it fits your system. Thanks goes to Martin (Marner in the Parallels H-Sphere forums) Log into each server as root. First add "cpanel and admin" to the wheel group (admin should be your normal user without root permissions that you first log into the server with, then su to root; admin should have a completely separate password from root). Edit /etc/group Locate wheel Add the following after root: ,cpanel,admin Save the file Change the group access to su so that is belongs to the group wheel chgrp wheel /usr/bin/su Change the mode of the file so that root has read, write and execute, the group wheel has read and execute and everyone else has now rights chmod 4750 /usr/bin/su Limiting network access to root This allows root to log on only at the server console Edit /etc/securetty comment out everything except for the lines console tty1 v/tty1 Now, edit your SSH configuration file as follows: Edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config Locate #Protocol 2, 1 Uncomment it and change it to look like Protocol 2   Add the following line: AllowGroups wheel Next, locate #PermitRootLogin yes (it may already be uncommented) Uncomment it and make it look like PermitRootLogin without-password Locate #IgnoreRhosts yes (it may already be uncommented) Uncomment it (remove the #) Locate X11Forwarding no Uncomment it. Locate PermitEmptyPasswords No Uncomment it. Save the file Now restart sshd by doing kill -HUP `cat /var/run/sshd.pid` After you test the process, you may need to update "ChallengeResponseAuthentication" from yes to no (or otherwise uncomment and ensure it is set to no), and restart ssh -- Thanks to bruno.carlos@flesk.com IMPORTANT NOTE:  This document and all linked document is being provided as a good will gesture to the Parallels H-Sphere community and to others who may benefit from its use.  Dynamic Net, Inc. makes no representations implied or explicit as to their value or warranty. Dynamic Net, Inc. will not be held liable for any damage resulting in the application of the steps and procedures noted.  If you feel uncomfortable at all about doing any of the steps, make a complete system backup and hire a third party like We Manage Servers to do the work for you.